DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY

                                          UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA.      

GENERAL INFORMATION

The department of Geology was established in 1961 but not until 1978 did it have a postgraduate program. The first graduate C.S. Nwajide, from that program however graduated in 1983. Since then, many graduates have been produced in the M.Sc and PhD.

PHILOSOPHY

The basic classical theory of the evolution and processes of the earth’s surface which underscores the philosophy behind the study of geology in the undergraduate level at the department of Geology UNN, is augmented with interdisciplinary applied courses, projects, or research in order to enhance graduates’ capability in harnessing manpower needs for various aspects of geology and for environmental and resource evaluation in Nigeria and Africa.

OBJECTIVE

The programs leading to M.Sc or PhD in Applied Geophysics, Engineering Geology, Hydrogeology, Geochemistry, Geomathematics, Geostatistics, Geomorphology, Mineralogy, Petrology, Sedimentology, Paleontology, and Mineral deposits resources and Environmental Geology are designed to produce competent explorationists of natural resources and environmentalists at the managerial level.

ADMISSION/ENTRY REQUIREMENTS

Candidates who majored in Geology are admitted into the postgraduate programs in the department of Geology on meeting the minimum university entry requirements as contained in the postgraduate school brochure. In addition, candidates with good honors degree in the following areas are eligible: physics, Chemistry, Biology, Mathematics, Geography and Engineering. Holders of postgraduate diploma in geological sciences are also eligible for admission.

JOB OPPORTUNITIES

The profile of the academic staff of the department of geology and commensurate output of the research and produced candidates have attracted the endowment of two professorial Chairs, one by the federal government (The Petroleum Technology Development Fund) and by the Shell Petroleum Development Co-operation, Nigeria Ltd(The Shell Chair).  Other companies such as TotalFinaElf, Exxonmobil, Schlumberger, and NNPC have also contributed in no small measure to the success of the program. These organizations assist the department  with teaching aids and research facilities enabling us to produce competent geologists for oil prospecting companies, the geological survey of Nigeria, Federal/State ministries of works and housing, water co-operations/prospectors/boards, National Electrical Power Authority(NEPA), Road construction companies, oceanography departments, Meteorology departments, Mining companies, refuse disposal companies, tourism industry and institutions. Expectedly, the department appreciates assistance from government and industry in efforts to upgrading teaching and research in the Department of Geology in form of  providing offices, field vehicles, paleo-magnetic laboratory, multi-purpose modular microscopes, polarizing microscopes, ultraviolet spectrometer, atomic absorption spectrometers, gas chromatograph, XRF spectrometers. ICF spectrometers, Networked personal computers with internet capabilities, geophysical field equipment, engineering equipment, compasses and conductivity meters.

SCOPE OF THE ACADEMIC PROGRAM

The academic program for the MSc consists of the successful completion of thirty two credit units in two third course works and project or one third course works and a dissertation, within twelve calendar months. The PhD is usually by a research embodied in a thesis. The academic program is envisioned to embrace the following subjects sub-divided into expertise areas as follows:

Expertise area                                                                                                      CODE

Economic Geology and Geochemistry                                                                     1

Engineering Geology/Resource and Environmental Geology                            2

Applied Geophysics                                                                                                     3

Hydrogeology                                                                                                                4

Mineralogy and Petrology                                                                                           5

Palaeontology and Biostratigraphy                                                                          6

Petroleum/Structural Geology                                                                                  7

Stratigraphy and Sedimentology                                                                              8

Course numbering (GLG XXX) is derived from the expertise area codes as follows:

The word Abbreviation GLG represents the Department of Geology. The first digit is the graduate level course, the middle is the expertise area code while the last digit is either odd for first semester or even for second semester.

UPDATING OF POSTGRADUATE CURRICULUM USING THE BENCHMARK MINIMUM ACADEMIC STANDARDS FOR POSTGRADUATE PROGRAMMES IN SCIENCES IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES.

 

ECONOMIC GEOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY                                          UNITS

First Semester

General course

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                               2

Core Courses   

GLG 807        Field Mapping in Geological Exploration                                                      2

GLG 811         Geology of Economic Mineral Deposits                                                         2

GLG 813         Fluid Inclusion and Ore Genesis                                                                     2

GLG 815         Coal Geology                                                                                                        2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 817         Mineral Deposits in Nigeria                                                                             2

GLG 842         Hydro-geochemistry                                                                                      2

GLG 851         Advanced Study of Rock Forming Minerals                                                 2

GLG 855         Advanced Igneous Petrology                                                                           2

Second Semester

General Courses

SCI 802           ICT and Research Methodology                                                                   2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                        2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                          6

 

Core Courses

GLG 814         Geochemistry of Ore Deposits                                                                       2

GLG 816         Exploration and Mining Geology                                                                  2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 812         Ore Microscopy                                                                                                 2

GLG 818         Mineral Economics                                                                                          2

GLG 854         Thermodynamics of Rocks and Minerals                                                    2

GLG 852         Advanced Optical Mineralogy                                                                        2

 

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY                                                                                UNITS 

First Semester

General course

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                               2

Core Courses

GLG 807         Field Mapping in Geological Exploration                                                      2

GLG 821         Engineering Geology                                                                                           3

GLG 825         Site Investigation                                                                                                 2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 827         Special Topic in Geology (Soil Mechanics)                                                      2

GLG 829         Advanced Structural Geology                                                                             2

GLG 823         Rock slope Stability                                                                                              2

GLG 841         Water Resources Evaluation and Management                                              2

Second Semester

General Courses

SCI 802           ICT and Research Methodology                                                                       2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                            2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                              6

Core Courses

GLG 822         Advanced Engineering Geology                                                                       3

GLG 824         Advanced Environmental Geology                                                                  2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 826         Rock Mechanics                                                                                                  2

GLG 828         Special Topic in Geology (Foundations)                                                        2

GLG 848         Groundwater and Geotechnical Problems                                                    2

 

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY                                                                            UNITS

First Semester

General course

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                              2

Core Courses   

GLG 807         Field Mapping in Geological Exploration                                                       2

GLG 811          Engineering behavior of soils                                                                            2

GLG 815          Land and water contamination                                                                        2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 817          Flow through porous media                                                                             2

GLG 842         Coastal processes and management                                                               2

GLG 813         Soil composition and classification                                                                 2  

GLG 851         Geotechnical engineering                                                                                  2

GLG 855         Remote sensing and applied geophysics                                                        2

Second Semester

General Courses

SCI 802           ICT and Research Methodology                                                                   2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                        2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                          6

Core Courses

GLG 814         Waste disposal methods                                                                                  2

GLG 816         Environmental assessment and regulation                                                 2

GLG 816          Water in the environmental                                                                          2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 817         Models for geologic hazard evaluation                                                       2

GLG 842         Site investigation                                                                                            2                         

GLG 851         Mathematical modeling and geostatistics                                                  2

GLG 855         Earth’s resources and raw materials                                                           2

 

APPLIED GEOPHYSICS                                                                                       UNITS

First Semester

General course

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                               2

Core Courses

GLG 807         Field Mapping in Geological Exploration                                                      2

GLG 831         Gravity and Magnetic Methods                                                                         2

GLG 833         Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods                                                       2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 835         Physics of the Earth Interior                                                                           2

GLG 837         Borehole Geophysics                                                                                        2

GLG 809         Geology for Non-Geologists                                                                           2

Second Semester

General Courses

SCI 802           ICT and Research Methodology                                                                    2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                        2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                          6

Core Courses

GLG 834         Seismic Methods                                                                                              3

GLG 836         Time Series Analysis and Data Processing                                                 3

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 838         Electrical and Radiometric Methods                                                              2

GLG 832         Modeling and Geophysical Interpretation                                                    2

PHY 802         Applied Electronic and Workshop practice                                                  2

PHY 803         Electromagnetic Theory                                                                                    2

 

HYDROGEOLOGY                                                                                                UNITS

First Semester

General course

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                             2

Core Courses

GLG 807         Field Mapping in Geological Exploration                                                     2

GLG 841         Water Resources Evaluation and Management                                           2

GLG 843         Contaminant Hydrogeology                                                                             2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 845         GIS and Statistics in Hydro-geologic Systems                                               2

GLG  846        Mathematical modeling of hydrologic systems                                             2

GLG 839         Exploration Geophysics                                                                                     2

Second Semester

General Courses

SCI 802           ICT and Research Methodology                                                                       2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                           2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                             6

Core Courses

GLG 848         Groundwater and Geotechnical Problems                                                    2

GLG 842         Hydro-geochemistry                                                                                          2

GLG 846         Regional Hydrogeology                                                                                    2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 844         Flow Through Porous Media                                                                           2

GLG 824         Advanced Environmental Geology                                                                 2

GLG                 Petroleum Hydrogeology                                                                                  2

GLG                Water Data Interpretation                                                                                2                                                                                                                                

 

MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY                                                                  UNITS

First Semester

General course

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                              2

Core Courses

GLG 807         Field Mapping in Geological Exploration                                                      2

GLG 851         Advanced Study of Rock Forming Minerals                                                  2

GLG 853         Techniques of Rocks and Mineral Analysis                                                   2

GLG 855         Advanced Igneous Petrology                                                                            2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 857         Clay Mineralogy                                                                                                  2

GLG 817         Mineral Deposits in Nigeria                                                                             2

GLG 842         Hydro-geochemistry                                                                                      2

Second Semester

General Courses

SCI 802           ICT and Research Methodology                                                                    2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                         2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                           6

Core Courses

GLG 852         Advanced Optical Mineralogy                                                                        2

GLG 856         Advanced Metamorphic Petrology                                                                2

Elective courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 854         Thermodynamics of Rocks and Minerals                                                     2

GLG 814         Geochemistry of Ore Deposits                                                                         2

GLG 816         Exploration and Mining Geology                                                                    2

 

PALAEONTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY                                                  UNITS

FIRSR SEMESTER

General courses

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                               2

GLG 807         Field Mapping in Geological Exploration                                                      2

Core Courses

GLG 862          Advanced Micropalaeontology                                                                      3

GLG 865         Palynology                                                                                                           2

GLG 883         Advanced Stratigraphic Analysis                                                                    2

Elective courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below

GLG 881          Advanced Sedimentary Petrology                                                                 2

GLG 864         Paleoecology                                                                                                       2

GLG 806         Quaternary Palynology                                                                                     2

 

SECOND SEMESTER

General courses

SCI 802           ICT and Research Methodology                                                                   2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                        2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                          6

Core Courses

GLG 866         Advanced Biostratigraphy                                                                              2

GLG 861         Advanced Paleontology                                                                                   2

GLG 867         Advanced Sequence Stratigraphy                                                                  2

Elective courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below

GLG 867         World Regional Geology                                                                                   2

GLG 868         Applied Palynology                                                                                            3

GLG 869         Palynology of Nigerian Sedimentary Basins                                                 3

GLG 863         Vertebrate Palaeontology                                                                                  2

 

PALYNOLOGY                                                                                                         UNITS

FIRSR SEMESTER

General courses

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                              2

GLG 807         Field Mapping in Geological Exploration                                                     2

Core Courses

GLG 865         Palynology                                                                                                            2

GLG 806         Quaternary Palynology                                                                                      2

GLG 862         Advanced Micropalaeontology                                                                         3

Elective courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below

GLG GLG 881           Advanced Sedimentary Petrology                                                      2

GLG 863                    Vertebrate Palaeontology                                                                     2

GLG 864                     Paleoecology                                                                                           2

SECOND SEMESTER

General courses

SCI  802          ICT and Research Methodology                                                                    2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                         2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                           6

Core Courses

GLG 868         Applied Palynology                                                                                           3

GLG 869         Palynology of Nigerian Sedimentary Basins                                                3

Elective courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below

GLG 866         Advanced Biostratigraphy                                                                                2

GLG 867         World Regional Geology                                                                                   2

GLG 867         Advanced Sequence Stratigraphy                                                                   2

GLG 861          Advanced Paleontology                                                                                    3

 

PETROLEUM  GEOSCIENCE

FIRST SEMESTER                                                                                                 UNITS

General Course

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                            2

Core Courses

GLG 875         Reservoir Geology and Petroleum Engineering                                        2

GLG 871         Geology of Petroleum                                                                                      2

GLG 873         Petroleum Geochemistry                                                                                2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 881         Advanced Sedimentary Petrology                                                                  2

GLG 839         Exploration Geophysics                                                                                   2

GLG 883         Advanced Stratigraphic Analysis                                                                   2

SECOND SEMESTER                                                                                            UNITS

General Courses

SCI  802          ICT and Research Methodology                                                                    2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                        2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                          6

Core Courses

GLG 810         Subsurface Geology                                                                                          3

GLG 874         Petroleum Geology of Nigeria’s Sedimentary Basins                                2

GLG 867        Advanced Sequence Stratigraphy                                                                   2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 886         Facies Models and Environmental Analysis                                                2

GLG 816         Exploration and Mining Geology                                                                    2

GLG 868         Applied Palynology                                                                                            3

 

STRATIGRAPHY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY                                                   UNITS

FIRST SEMESTER

SCI 801           Management and Entrepreneurship                                                              2

GLG 807         Field Mapping in Geological Exploration                                                     2

Core Courses

GLG 881         Advanced Sedimentary Petrology                                                                  2

GLG 883         Advanced Stratigraphic Analysis                                                                   2

GLG 884         Methods of Sediment Analysis                                                                       2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

Electives

GLG888          Chemical Sedimentology                                                                                2

GLG 810         Subsurface Geology                                                                                          3

GLG 871         Geology of Petroleum                                                                                       2

SECOND  SEMESTER

General courses

SCI 802           ICT and Research Methodology                                                                     2

GLG 801         Research Seminar in Geology                                                                         2

GLG 802         Research Project in Geology                                                                           6

Core courses

GLG 886         Facies Models and Environmental Analysis                                                2

GLG 868 *       Analysis of Nigerian Sedimentary basins                                                    2

GLG 867         Advanced Sequence Stratigraphy                                                                   2

Elective Courses

Students should choose a minimum of 4 units from the elective courses listed below:

GLG 867     World Regional Geology                                                                                  2

GLG 864*    Advanced Biostratigraphy                                                                                  2

GLG 887      Quantitative  Stratigraphic Analysis                                                                 3

 

 

DESCRIPTION OF COURSES.   Units (in  brackets)

SCI 801 Management and Entrepreneurship (2)

The course will cover business environment, general management, financial management, entrepreneurship development, feasibility studies, marketing and managerial problem solving.

SCI 802 ICT and Research Methodology  (2)

This course shall cover essentials of spreadsheets, internet technology, statistical packages, precision and accuracy of estimates, principles of scientific research, concepts of hypotheses formulation and testing, organization of research and report writing.

GLG 801 Research Seminar in Geology (2)

Literature study, write up and oral presentation of a topic on an aspect of the area of specialization as approved by the department.

GLG 802 Research Project in Geology (6)

Special geology investigation, with the report including results and interpretation being presented dissertation.

GLG 807 Field Mapping in Geological Exploration (2)

Filed training techniques of geological investigations; as exemplified in mineral exploration, including geological, geophysical, geotechnical, hydrogeological and geochemical methods. Field assignment and write-up of concise technical report.

GLG 811 Geology of Economic Mineral Deposits  (2)

Mineralogical, petrological and genetic aspects of metalliferous and non metalliferous mineral deposits; classification of mineral deposits; metallogenic provinces and epochs; case histories of some selected mineral deposits.

GLG 812 Ore Microscopy    (2)

Microscopic determination of ore minerals; physical and optical properties; etc, reactions; micro-chemical testing of polished sections; ore petrology.

GLG 813 Fluid Inclusion and Ore Genesis (2)

Ore-bearing fluids, magmatic, meteoritic and metamorphic waters; thermal springs; paragenesis and zoning; Geothermometry- determination of homogenization and freezing temperatures of fluid inclusions.

GLG 814 Geochemistry of Ore Deposits    (2)

Major, minor, and trace element geochemistry; theoretical consideration of isotopic studies in ore genesis; oxidation of ore deposits; volcanic gases.

GLG 815 Coal Geology   (2)

Structure, physical and chemical composition, and petrology of coal; coal mining technology, Nigerian coal.

GLG 816 Exploration and Mining Geology  (2)

Geological, geophysical and geochemical methods of exploration; photo geologic and structural patterns associated with economic deposits; evaluation of economic deposits; surface and subsurface exploration techniques.

GLG 817 Mineral Deposits in Nigeria (2)

Mode of occurrence, origin, type, and distribution of metallic and non-metallic economic mineral deposits of Nigeria; case histories of some selected mineral deposits of Nigeria; Nigerian mining industry.

GLG 818 Mineral Economics (2)

World distribution of economic mineral deposits; production and reserves; conservation of mineral resources; minerals in international affairs; future mineral resources; marine mineral resources; economics of Nigerian mineral resources.

GLG 821 Engineering Geology (3)

Soil and bedrock, soil identification, index properties of soil and soil classification. Atterberg limits and consistency indices, solution of phase problems, compaction, permeability and capillarity in solid, effective stress, consolidation, shearing resistance and strength of soils, subsurface investigation and site evolution; highway geology; geology of tunnels, mines and dams; grouting.

GLG 822 Advanced Engineering Geology (3)

Earth movements, analysis of slips by Swedish and circle methods; taylor’s curves; tyes of foundations; bearing capacity of shallow foundations, piks and bearing capacity; settlement of structures. Geotechnical techniques- groundwater lowering, grouting and foundation stabilization.

GLG 623 Rock Slope Stability (2)

Basic mechanics of slope failure; graphical representation of geological data, shear strength of rock, groundwater flow; permeability and pressure in rock, plane failure, wedge failure, circular failure, topping, use of the stereographic projection for stability analysis, rock stabilization- anchoring and rock bolting.

GLG 824 Advanced Environmental Geology (2)

Waste disposal and sanitary landfills, septic systems, geologic hazards; methods of rapid reconnaissance  of the environment, land use planning, water pollution, water treatment, coastal processes and environmental flood control and management.

GLG 825 Site Investigation (2)

Aim and requirements of site investigation; drilling, boring and sampling techniques, accessible and non-accessible methods of exploration; in site field tests; geophysical methods, seismic refraction, electrical resistivity, gravity and sonic.

GLG 826 Rock Mechanics (2)

Rock as a construction material, rock mass properties, geological and mechanical classification of rock, engineering properties of rocks, and triaxial tests; theories of failure applied rocks; rock foundation design, stress distribution in underground openings.

GLG 829 Advanced Structural Geology (2)

Stress in 2-dimensions, trajectories, mohr diagram, strain in 2 and 3 dimensions, rheology, stress-strain relations of elastic, viscous and visco elastic materials. Geometric techniques of structural analysis. Projection techniques, fracture analysis. Mapping techniques. Geotectonics, crustal morphology, word patterns, theories of orogenesis.

GLG 831 Gravity and Magnetic Methods (2)

Elements of potential theory; boundary value problems and their solutions; gravity and magnetic data acquisition, instrumentation; data reduction; regional –residual separation; direct and inverse problems; analytical continuation of gravity and magnetic fields; spectral analysis of gravity and magnetic data.

GLG 832 Modeling and Geophysical Interpretation (2)

Modeling conditions, modeling parameters. The resistivity model tank, magnetic response modeling. Electromagnetic scale modeling. Applications of modeling to geophysical interpretation.

GLG 833 Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods (2)

Conduction processes, current flow in layered media; application of various electrode configurations; polarization, permittivity and dielectric losses; induced polarization; electromagnetic induction theory; transmitter-detector configurations in EM prospecting; magnetotellurics.

GLG 834 Seismic Methods  (2)

The propagation of elastic waves through solids. The effect of boundaries between different media. The raynath method. Detection of ground motion and the theories of mechanical and electrical seismographs. Advance refraction techniques to exploration. Data acquisition in modern reflection practice resources; explosive and implosive, airgun, sparker and others. Recording system; source and detector arrays VIBROSETS. Marine seismic methods. Seismic signal analysis. Refraction seismic interpretation. Specialized interpretation techniques of reflection seismic data(land and sea). Velocity spectra, velocity determination. Static migration. Synthetic seismogram technique. Industrial seismic data processing.

GLG 835 Geophysics of the Earth Interior (2)

Topics in solid earth geophysics with emphasis on elasticity and thermal state of the earth. Physical and chemical characteristics of the earth. Application of physics and thermodynamics to earth materials and the use of available observable and laboratory data to derive information about the state of and processes in the earth’s interior. Seismology and the internal structure of the earth. The magnetic field of the earth; main field and time-varying components. Age and thermal state. Geochronology. Geodynamics

GLG 836 Time Series Analysis and Data Processing (3)

Signal theory, continuous and discrete fourier series. Convolution integral, correlation integral; power spectral analysis. Filtering techniques. Application of geophysical data processing. Practical examples and classwork..

GLG 837 Borehole Geophysics  (2)

Theories and methods of borehole geophysics. Well-logging techniques. Log interpretation exercises.

GLG 838 Electrical and Radiometric Methods (2)

Electrical properties of the earth material, self-potential and resistivity methods(the instruments; array system, sounding and profiling and depth of investigation) induced polarization methods in time and frequency domain. Electromagnetic methods (magnetic telluric, dipole-dipole, Turam, large loop, transient and continuous wave, airborne. Applicability and field examples. Radioactive decay and equilibrium. Radioactivity of Geiger and Scintillation Counters. Gamma ray spectrometers. Ground and airborne procedures. Field examples.

GLG 839 Exploration Geophysics (2)

The use of gravity, magnetic and seismic methods in exploration; electrical, EM, IP methods; radiometric studies; geophysical methods in hydrogeology, site investigations and rock quality assessment; geophysical methods in mineral exploration and resource assessment.

GLG 809 Geology for Non- Geologists (2)

Introduction to the basic principles of stratigraphy; applied physical stratigraphy, introduction to structural geology and interpretation for potential mineral resources. Simple geologic structures, interpretation of folds, faults and fractures. Basic map reading, photo-geology and interpretation, introduction to petrology; igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. Mineral deposits, their geology and uses. Identification of various rock types and their composition, economic geology; geology of petroleum; oil accumulation and nature, origin of oil, migration and accumulation of oil, discussion of various traps and salt domes, basic concepts of hydro/engineering geology and marine geology.

PHY 802 Applied Electronic and Workshop Practice

Workshop safety precautions. Basic hand toils and bench work practice. Palin and cylindrical generation of smooth surface using power operated machines. Selection and properties of materials used for construction. Metallic and non-metallic. Metal joining devices and adhesives in common use soldering techniques and wrap units. Multi-meters and oscilloscopes. Auto-ranging in measuring instruments. A survey of the use of electronics circuit devices e.g. diodes, transistors including FET, integrated circuits, photocells. Selection, use and care of test instruments. Survey of pick-ups and transducer devices. Basic circuit synthesis and analysis. Pulse circuits. Instrumentation and measuring techniques; impedance matching. Probes active and input impedance using the scope.

PHY 803 Electromagnetic Theory

Electronic potential problems. Poission and Laplace’s equation and method of images, Green’s theorem, multiple expansions. Magnetic fields. Stokes theorem, vector potential. Electromagnetic Maxwell’s equation. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in different ionized non- ionized media, phase velocity, group velocity and pulse propagation, attenuation, refraction, energy propagation and transfer, polarization and dispersion. Green function methods, diffraction theory, simple radiating systems, Lagrangian derivation of Maxwell’s equations and the covariant structure of electromagnetism.

GLG 841 Water Resources Evaluation and Management (2)

The hydrologic cycle; hydrologic head and fluid potential; groundwater flow equations; groundwater exploration methods; well hydraulics; water-well design, well drilling methods, development and maintenance of wells; artificial recharge; groundwater quality; case histories.

GLG 842 Hydrogeochemistry    (2)

Geochemical characteristics of groundwater and principles; chemical evolution of groundwater in sedimentary systems, carbonate and crystalline rocks; hydrochemistry in multi-objective hydrogeologic studies, radioactive and stable environmental isotopes in groundwater studies; sampling methods and analysis; age-dating, groundwater flow monitoring and tracing techniques; regional and worldwide uses of environmental isotopes in hydrologic studies; case histories.

GLG 843 Contaminant Hydrogeology (2)

Distributed and point sources of groundwater contamination and pollution; disposal of solid and fluid wastes, radioactive wastes in hydrogeologic systems; hydrodynamic dispersion process; sanitary protection of groundwater supplies; case histories.

GLG 844 Flow Through Porous Media       (2)

Unsaturated flow; laminar and turbulent flows; recharge, transitional and discharge zones along groundwater flow systems; analytical and numerical methods of analysis.

GLG 845 GIS and Statistics in Hydrogeologic Systems (2)

Analytical models; numerical methods of finite difference (FD), and finite element(FE); statistical analysis; case histories.

GLG 846 Regional Hydrogeology  (2)

Surface water bodies; climate, regional geomorphology; geology and hydrogeology in relation to the major drainage basins; the hydrogeology of oil fields, coal fields and tin mining fields; saline lakes.

GLG 848 Groundwater and Geotechnical Problems (2)

Pore water pressures, quick conditions, landslides and slope stability; hydrogeology of damsites; groundwater and excavations, tunneling, gullying and mining; case histories.

GLG 851 Advanced study of Rock-Forming Minerals (2).

Study of structures, chemistry, optics, and other physical properties and para-genesis of common rock-forming silicate minerals.

GLG 852 Advanced Optical Mineralogy (2)

Optical determination under transmitted and reflected light; four axis U-stage techniques; use of U-stage in petrofabrics; determination of composition of major silicate minerals by optical methods. (Emphasis mainly on laboratory work).

GLG 853 Techniques of Rocks and Mineral Analysis (2)

Preparation of samples for analysis; analytical techniques such as gravimetric, spectrographic, XRD, XRF, methods etc; mineral separation methods; determination of chemical components by wet chemical methods, display of data, preparation and use of various variation diagrams.

GLG 854 Thermodynamics of Rocks and Minerals  (2)

Thermodynamic principles; thermodynamics as a geologic tool; equilibrium and its attainment in rocks; fundamentals of phase equilibriums involving solids, liquids, recrystallization.

GLG 855 Advanced Igneous Petrology  (2)

Origin and association of ultramafic, mafic and felsic rocks of plutonic and volcanic derivations; differentiation mechanisms; primary structures; trace element behavior during magmatic crystallization; volcanology, petrology and mineralization in various tectonic settings.

GLG 856 Advanced Metamorphic Petrology (2)

Fundamental principles of metamorphic changes in rocks; thermal, hydrothermal, and dynamic metamorphism; geometrical and thermodynamic treatment of metamorphic mineral assemblages; metamorphic processes; trace element behavior during metamorphism.

GLG 857 Clay Mineralogy (2)

Study of types of clay minerals, techniques for clay minerals determination, X-ray, D.T.A. Microscope, environments of clay mineral and diagenesis. Applied clay mineralogy and industrial application.

GLG 861 Advanced Paleontology (3)

Study of major invertebrate groups and their index fossils with particular reference to ecology and correlation of strata in Nigeria and other West African countries.

GLG 862 Advanced Micropaleontology (3)

Study of different groups of microfossils with emphasis on foraminifera, and Ostracods; foraminifera and ostracods, biostratigraphy of Nigeria and other West African Countries.

GLG 863 Vertebrate Paleontology (2)

Detailed morphological and taxonomical study of vertebrates; vertebrate paleontology of West African Countries.

GLG 864 Paleoecology  (2)

Concept of paleoecology; marine, estuarine and freshwater environments; aspects of paleogeography and paleoclimatology; quantitative and qualitative paleoecologic interpretation.

GLG 865 Palynology (2)

The principles of palynological studies and techniques; spore-pollen; dinoflagellates; hystrichosphaerids; diatoms; cocoliths; radiolarian; applied aspects of palynology with examples from Nigeria.

GLG 866 Advanced Biostratigraphy (2)

Biostratigraphic study emphasis on ammonites, Pelecypoda, gastropods, foraminifera,ostracods and pollen and spores from Nigeria. Statistical data analysis of paleontological data.

GLG 867 World Regional Geology (2)

Study of the stratigraphy of type areas for the units of geological time scale and their tectonic settings; major shield areas and their evolution and geochronology.

GLG 868 Applied Palynology (3)

Use of palynological data in exploration and correlation, coal seams, petroleum and other mineral deposits; Palynological software packages, Taxon, Tilia, Ragware; Application of palynology in sequence stratigraphy.

GLG 869 Palynology of Nigerian Sedimentary Basins  (3)

The oldest sedimentary deposits in Nigeria- Awi Fm, Bima Fm, Ise Fm, Gundumi and Illo Fms; Palynological stratigraphy of the Calabar flank, Benue Trough( Southern, Central and Northern Basins); Sokoto basin, Bida basin, Benin flank, Anambra and Dahomey basins; Niger Delta. Palaeoenvironment of deposition and palaeoecology.

GLG 806  Quaternary Palynology (3)

World Quaternary climatic patterns in temperate and tropical areas; Quaternary vegetational changes; Palynology in Archaeology in application of environmental impact assessment; Forensic palynology.

GLG 871 Geology of Petroleum (2)

The nature of petroleum; origin of petroleum; generation, expulsion and migration of petroleum; types of traps and their modes of formations; seals; natural gas; solid petroleum and oil shale; classification and composition of crude oil.

GLG 873 Petroleum Geochemistry (2)

Thermal diagenesis of organic matter; kerogen types and roc-evalpryrolysis; kinetic modeling in petroleum exploration;  the Petroleum system; methods of paleothermal analysis; the oil generation window; the role of geochemistry and geophysical basin analysis in future exploration.

GLG 874 Petroleum Geology of Nigerian Sedimentary Basins (2)

Origin and classification of sedimentary basins; hydrocarbon plays; petroleum potentials of Nigeria’s Cretaceous basins; the Niger Delta basin: source rocks and reservoir rocks; synsedimentary structures in Niger Delta; habitat of petroleum in Niger Delta. Field trip (3-4days) to a selected Nigerian sedimentary basin to study and map petroleum system elements. A written report is to be submitted by students at the end of the field trip.

GLG 884 Methods of Sediment Analysis (2)

Sampling theory and practice; concept and technique of modal analysis; textual study of large clastic and bioclastic particles; orientation techniques; particle size analysis; presentation and interpretation of size data; universal stage; x-ray and chemical methods of study of sedimentary minerals; analysis and interpretation of heavy minerals.

GLG 885 Tectonics and Sedimentation (2)

Physical and chemical processes of sedimentation; rates and controls of continental erosion; coastal erosion and management; growth of continents and oceans; depositional environment; pollution controls; historic review of geosynclinals theory; modern analogues of geosynclines; plate tectonics and sedimentation.

GLG 886 Facies Models and Environmental Analysis (2)

Detailed study of sedimentary structures, their hydrodynamic and environmental interpretation; principles and methods of paleocurrent study; construction of facies models; analysis of several major sedimentary facies models; the influence of sediment flux, eustatic sea level and tectonics on sequence development;the distribution of reservoir, source and seal facies; reservoir geometry, continuity,and heterogeneity within a Sequence  Stratigraphic framework.

GLG 8xx Advanced Sequence Stratigraphy(2)

Basic concepts of Sequence stratigraphy and models used to interprete basin fills;approaches used to analyse seismic,well-log, core and outcrop data using Sequence Stratigraphic methodology

GLG 887 Quantitative  Stratigraphic Analysis (2)

Stratigraphic and various bed-forms; depth –velocity-size inter-relationships; analysis of cyclic and othe rhythmic stratification including Bouma sequence and transgressive –regressive model of stratification;  trend surface analysis; moving averages, random processes and lithologic transitions; applications of transition probability matrices, markov chain analysis; time series analysis; computer techniques in quantitative stratigraphy.